Scorched row (Tricholoma ustale)
Systematics:
- Department: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
- Subdivision: Agaricomycotina (Agaricomycetes)
- Class: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
- Subclass: Agaricomycetidae
- Order: Agaricales (Agaric or Lamellar)
- Family: Tricholomataceae (Tricholomaceae or Ordinary)
- Genus: Tricholoma (Tricholoma or Ryadovka)
- Species: Tricholoma ustale (Scorched row)
- Other names for the mushroom:
- Burnt row
- Row tanned
Other names:
- Burnt row
- Row tanned
- Gyrophila ustalis
The scorched ryadovka is a mushroom of the ryadovkovy family (Tricholomovs), belonging to the Agariks detachment and the Ryadovok family.
External description
The main distinguishing features of the scorched row (Tricholoma ustale) are the brown color of the fruit body, characteristic of both the cap and the stem, the presence of a strong cucumber or mealy aroma, and the reddish color of the hymenophore plates.
The cap of the described mushroom has a diameter of 3-10 cm; in young mushrooms it is convex in shape, often has a turned edge. Gradually, as the fruit body ripens, the cap becomes flattened. Its surface is often sticky, sticky, characterized by a chestnut-brown tint.
The stem of the scorched rows is almost always very thin, has a thin base and noticeable fiber. At the base, its color is brown, and at the top it is powdery or whitish. If damaged, the flesh of the leg turns slightly red.
The fungus hymenophore is lamellar, consists of white plates, on the surface of which reddish-brown spots are visible. The plates have recesses, with which they often grow to the surface of the fruiting body. Fungal spores are white and 5-63-4 microns in size.
Season and habitat of the mushroom
Scorched rows are widespread. You can meet them in mixed forests, mainly in autumn. The fungus of this species is found in the countries of Europe, Asia, North America.
Edibility
There is no exact information about the edibility of the tanned rower (Tricholoma ustale). Many experienced mushroom pickers believe that this mushroom is poisonous and unsuitable for human consumption.
In Japan, the scorched ryadovka is considered a poisonous mushroom, since it was noticed that its use in food leads to gastrointestinal tract disorders, against which a person develops diarrhea or severe vomiting. The Japanese populations of ryadovka seared were even studied in a laboratory, and the results of the procedure showed that the composition of the fruit bodies contains toxic acids and related compounds that are dangerous to the human body. The experiments were carried out on mice, and as a result of the ingestion of this very acid in the abdomen, the mice had spasms and tremors, due to which the animals literally writhed in convulsions.
Similar types and differences from them
The main species similar to the scorched ryadovka is a mushroom called Tricholoma ezcarayense. His description was made in 1992 in Spain. This type of mushroom is distinguished by the presence of flat greenish scales on the surface of the cap, the ability to form deciduous mycorrhiza with deciduous trees (mainly with beech). Basically, both types of fungi can be distinguished only by some microscopic features (for example, by the hyphae of the cuticle of the cap, which in a similar species have more strips).
Other information about the mushroom
For the first time, a species of mushroom called Ryadovka (Tricholoma ustale) was described by the scientist Elias Magnus Fries, who gave the name Seared Champignon to his find. The present name was given to this gri only in 1871 from the scientist Paul Kumer, who attributed this species to the Tricholomov family.
The specific name of the scorched ryadovka in Latin is pronounced as 'ustalis', and in translation means burnt offering. Actually, this term fully characterizes the color of the fruiting body of these mushrooms. In Japan, tanned ryadovki are called kaki-shimeji, and the popular name for this species of mushrooms is 'Weary Knight'.
