Brioria bicolor (Bryoria bicolor)
Brioria bicolor belongs to the Parmeliaceae family. A species of the Brioria clan. This is a lichen.
It is widespread in Central and Western Europe, North America, Africa and Southeast Asia. There is in Russia, where it can be found in the Murmansk region, Karelia, in the Southern and Northern Urals, also in the Far East, the Caucasus, the Arctic and in Siberia in the highlands. It grows usually on the soil of mountain tundra, on rocks and stones with moss. Rarely, but you can observe the growth of the fungus on the bark of trees.
It looks like a bushy lichen. Has a black color. May be dark brown at the base. In the upper part, the color is lighter, it can be light brown or olive in color. The height of a bushy hard taploma can be 4 centimeters. The branches are rounded, slightly compressed at the base, 0.2-0.5 mm in?. there are many thorns on the branches with a thickness of 0.03-0.08 mm. Apothecia and litter are absent.
A very rare species. there are only single specimens.
The mushroom is protected in many regions of Russia. It is included in the Red Data Book of the Murmansk Region, as well as Kamchatka and Buryatia. Control over the population is carried out by the Kronotsky State Natural Biosphere Reserve, also the Bystrinsky Natural Park, and the Baikalsky Biosphere Reserve.
On the territory of the identified habitats, it is prohibited: allotment of land for any type of use, except for the creation of protected areas; laying through the territory of any new communications (roads, pipelines, power lines, etc.); exploration and development of any minerals; grazing domesticated deer; laying of ski slopes.
